PAX6, Monoclonal Antibody

paired box gene 6 (aniridia, keratitis); AN2; MGDA; AN; D11S812E; WAGR

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Monoclonal

IgG1

PAX5I326

Mouse

100 ug/ml (1.0 ml) (lot specific)

Small volumes of anti-PAX6 antibody vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.

This gene encodes paired box gene 6, one of many human homologues of the Drosophila melanogaster gene prd. In addition to the hallmark feature of this gene family, a conserved paired box domain, the encoded protein also contains a homeo box domain. Both domains are known to bind DNA, and function as regulators of gene transcription. This gene is expressed in the developing nervous system, and in developing eyes. Mutations in this gene are known to cause aniridia as well as Peter's anomaly, both ocular diseases. [NCBI Entrez Gene Summary]

ELISA (EIA), Immunocytochemistry (ICC)

Western blot analysis of immunized recombinant protein, using anti-PAX6 monoclonal antibody.

Arrow indicates the region of immunized recombinant protein carrying 50-200 amino acids.

Immunostaining analysis in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS. The cells were immunostained with anti-PAX6 mAb. [Lot No. PAX5I326-2]

– Da

paired box 6

paired box protein Pax-6; aniridia type II protein; oculorhombin; paired box homeotic gene-6

Paired box protein Pax-6

PAX6_HUMAN

This gene encodes paired box gene 6, one of many human homologs of the Drosophila melanogaster gene prd. In addition to the hallmark feature of this gene family, a conserved paired box domain, the encoded protein also contains a homeo box domain. Both domains are known to bind DNA and function as regulators of gene transcription. This gene is expressed in the developing nervous system, and in developing eyes. Mutations in this gene are known to cause ocular disorders such as aniridia and Peter's anomaly. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

PAX6: Transcription factor with important functions in the development of the eye, nose, central nervous system and pancreas. Required for the differentiation of pancreatic islet alpha cells. Competes with PAX4 in binding to a common element in the glucagon, insulin and somatostatin promoters. Regulates specification of the ventral neuron subtypes by establishing the correct progenitor domains. Isoform 5a appears to function as a molecular switch that specifies target genes. Defects in PAX6 are the cause of aniridia (AN). A congenital, bilateral, panocular disorder characterized by complete absence of the iris or extreme iris hypoplasia. Aniridia is not just an isolated defect in iris development but it is associated with macular and optic nerve hypoplasia, cataract, corneal changes, nystagmus. Visual acuity is generally low but is unrelated to the degree of iris hypoplasia. Glaucoma is a secondary problem causing additional visual loss over time. Defects in PAX6 are a cause of Peters anomaly (PAN). Peters anomaly consists of a central corneal leukoma, absence of the posterior corneal stroma and Descemet membrane, and a variable degree of iris and lenticular attachments to the central aspect of the posterior cornea. Defects in PAX6 are a cause of foveal hypoplasia (FOVHYP). Foveal hypoplasia can be isolated or associated with presenile cataract. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. Defects in PAX6 are a cause of keratitis hereditary (KERH). An ocular disorder characterized by corneal opacification, recurrent stromal keratitis and vascularization. Defects in PAX6 are a cause of coloboma of iris choroid and retina (COI); also known as uveoretinal coloboma. Ocular colobomas are a set of malformations resulting from abnormal morphogenesis of the optic cup and stalk, and the fusion of the fetal fissure (optic fissure). Severe colobomatous malformations may cause as much as 10% of the childhood blindness. The clinical presentation of ocular coloboma is variable. Some individuals may present with minimal defects in the anterior iris leaf without other ocular defects. More complex malformations create a combination of iris, uveoretinal and/or optic nerve defects without or with microphthalmia or even anophthalmia. Defects in PAX6 are a cause of coloboma of optic nerve (COLON). Defects in PAX6 are a cause of bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia (BONH); also known as bilateral optic nerve aplasia. A congenital anomaly in which the optic disc appears abnormally small. It may be an isolated finding or part of a spectrum of anatomic and functional abnormalities that includes partial or complete agenesis of the septum pellucidum, other midline brain defects, cerebral anomalies, pituitary dysfunction, and structural abnormalities of the pituitary. Defects in PAX6 are a cause of aniridia cerebellar ataxia and mental deficiency (ACAMD); also known as Gillespie syndrome. A rare condition consisting of partial rudimentary iris, cerebellar impairment of the ability to perform coordinated voluntary movements, and mental retardation. Belongs to the paired homeobox family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Transcription factor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; DNA-binding

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11p13

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; nuclear chromatin; cytoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: histone acetyltransferase binding; protein binding; DNA binding; AT DNA binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; double-stranded DNA binding; ubiquitin-protein ligase activity; chromatin binding; transcription factor binding; transcription factor activity; protein kinase binding

Biological Process: central nervous system development; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; protein ubiquitination; cell fate determination; glucose homeostasis; cerebellum development; positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation; neural crest cell migration; positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation; positive regulation of cell fate specification; neuron fate commitment; oligodendrocyte cell fate specification; interkinetic nuclear migration; keratinocyte differentiation; forebrain-midbrain boundary formation; eye photoreceptor cell development; negative regulation of neuron differentiation; organ morphogenesis; response to ethanol; cellular response to insulin stimulus; retina development in camera-type eye; rhombomere morphogenesis; forebrain anterior/posterior pattern formation; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in somatic motor neuron fate commitment; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; lens development in camera-type eye; axon guidance; regulation of asymmetric cell division; neuron migration; dorsal/ventral axis specification; forebrain dorsal/ventral pattern formation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; cerebral cortex regionalization; negative regulation of neurogenesis; astrocyte differentiation; establishment of mitotic spindle orientation; negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; visual perception; salivary gland morphogenesis; response to wounding; lacrimal gland development; regulation of timing of cell differentiation; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; blood vessel development; smoothened signaling pathway; olfactory bulb development; eye development; protein localization in organelle; pituitary gland development; commitment of a neuronal cell to a specific type of neuron in the forebrain; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in ventral spinal cord interneuron specification; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in spinal cord motor neuron fate specification; embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis

Disease: Wilms Tumor, Aniridia, Genitourinary Anomalies, And Mental Retardation Syndrome; Peters Anomaly; Coloboma Of Optic Nerve; Keratitis, Hereditary; Aniridia, Cerebellar Ataxia, And Mental Retardation; Aniridia; Foveal Hypoplasia 1; Optic Nerve Hypoplasia, Bilateral

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