alpha-Actinin 4, Polyclonal Antibody

actinin alpha4

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Polyclonal

Rabbit

The antibody detects a 100 kDa* protein corresponding to the molecular mass of alpha-actinin 4 on SDS-PAGE immunoblots of human A431 cells treated with pervanadate, but is not observed after akaline phosphatase treatment.

Affinity Purified

Supplied in 100ul phosphate-buffered saline, 50% glycerol, 1 mg/ml BSA, and 0.05% sodium azide.

Store at -20 degree C. Stable for 1 year.

Small volumes of anti-ACTN4 antibody vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.

alpha-Actinins are widely expressed cytoskeletal proteins that cross-link actin filaments through anti-parallel homodimers of the rod domains. Four alpha-actinin genes have been discovered in humans with alpha-actinin 1 and 4 being widely expressed in non-muscle cells. alpha-Actinins contain three conserved domains that include an N-terminal actin binding domain, four spectrin-like repeats in the central region, and a C-terminal calmodulin binding domain. alpha-Actinin cross-links the actin filament networks and associates the network to focal adhesion sites through binding of talin and vinculin. alpha-Actinin 1 is phosphorylated at Tyr-12 by FAK, while alpha-actinin 4 can be phosphorylated at Tyr-4 and Tyr-31 after EGF treatment. Tyr-4 and Tyr-31 phosphorylation inhibit actin binding and reduces actin-filament driven multi-nucleation in rat kidney cells. Thus, phosphorylation in alpha-actinins may be important for regulating actin binding and actin cytoskeletal remodeling.

Western Blot (WB), ELISA (EIA)

ELISA: 1:2000
WB: 1:1000
WB: Western blot membranes were incubated with diluted antibody in 5% non-fat milk, PBS, 0.04% Tween20 for 1 hour at room temperature.

Western blot analysis of alpha-actinin 4 in A431 cells stimulated with pervanadate (1 mM) for 30 min (lanes 1,2,5.6) or after immunoprecipitation using alpha-actinin (C-terminal region) antibody in the absence (lanes 3 & 7) or presence of pervanadate-treated A431 cell lysate (lanes 4 & 8). Some lanes of the blot were treated with alkaline phosphatase (lanes 2 & 6). The blots were probed with anti-alpha-actinin (C-terminal region) or anti-alpha-actinin 4 (Tyr-4).

104 kDa[Similar Products]

actinin alpha 4

alpha-actinin-4

Alpha-actinin-4

ACTN4_HUMAN

Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In nonmuscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a nonmuscle, alpha actinin isoform which is concentrated in the cytoplasm, and thought to be involved in metastatic processes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACTN4: F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein. Probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex. The CART complex is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for EGFR degradation. Defects in ACTN4 are the cause of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis type 1 (FSGS1). A renal pathology defined by the presence of segmental sclerosis in glomeruli and resulting in proteinuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate and edema. Renal insufficiency often progresses to end-stage renal disease, a highly morbid state requiring either dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation. Belongs to the alpha-actinin family.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Cytoskeletal

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19q13

Cellular Component: cortical cytoskeleton; extracellular space; neuron projection; focal adhesion; protein complex; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; stress fiber; extracellular region; intercellular junction; pseudopodium; Z disc; ribonucleoprotein complex; nucleus

Molecular Function: actin filament binding; integrin binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity; retinoic acid receptor binding; nucleoside binding; protein N-terminus binding; calcium ion binding; actin binding; nuclear hormone receptor binding

Biological Process: regulation of apoptosis; retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway; platelet activation; actin filament bundle formation; protein transport; platelet degranulation; response to hypoxia; negative regulation of cell motility; positive regulation of cell motility; positive regulation of sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity; positive regulation of pinocytosis; blood coagulation

Disease: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis 1

Kojima, S. et al. (2014) Am J Nephrol. 39(1):36-45. Izaguirre, G. et al. (2001) J Biol Chem. 276(31):28676. Ylanne et al. (2001) Structure. 9:597. Shao, H. et al. (2010) J Biol Chem. 285(4):2591.

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